Hi, meet again, this time will discussed something a coronavirus is what type of disease Coronavirus linked to onset of type 1 diabetes in children see in full
Three of these were positive, implying five of the children were either infected with the coronavirus at the time or had already overcome it.
The scientists stressed, however, this may be an underestimate.
“During the peak of the pandemic widespread access to testing wasn’t available so we may have missed further cases of COVID-19 in these children who have new-onset type 1 diabetes,” said study author Rebecca Unsworth.
Be ‘mindful of this potential link’
Of the 30 patients, 70% arrived at hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a serious complication that occurs if the body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones.
Type 1 diabetes comes about when the cells that produce insulin, the hormone that lowers blood sugar levels, are mistakenly destroyed by a patient’s immune system.
If blood glucose levels are persistently elevated, it can lead to serious complications like a heart attack, blindness or even limb amputations.
While it may sound alarming, type 1 diabetes can be controlled via insulin injections or pumps.
DKA comes about when the body does not have enough insulin, causing it to break down fat as fuel. Ketones then accumulate, which can be life-threatening.
Of the DKA patients, more than half (52%) were in a severe state – a much higher proportion than expected, according to the scientists.
Twelve of the children showed signs of clinical shock – a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body’s blood flow is restricted, while four had to be treated in intensive care.
The scientists believe their study is the first to show a potential link between the coronavirus and the emergence of type 1 diabetes in children, however, similar reports have emerged in China and Italy.
The coronavirus enters cells via the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, which is “strongly expressed” in the pancreas.
The study was carried out to “raise awareness of a possible”, but “not definitive”, link between the coronavirus and new-onset type 1 diabetes.
“Our study was limited to one UK region and more research is needed to establish whether there is a definitive link between the two, but in the meantime we hope clinicians will be mindful of this potential link,” said Logan.
Other experts agree additional studies are required.
Professor Julian Hamilton-Shield from the University of Bristol called the research “interesting”, but added “any suggestion of an increase in actual incidence should be treated cautiously, as only some units contributing had greater than expected presentations across a really short time span”.
Professor Paul Hunter from the University of East Anglia noted the research “raises a concern”, with infections in general being known to trigger DKA in “susceptible individuals”.
“However, the epidemiological evidence presented in this paper is weak and cannot be used as evidence of proof of association,” he added.
“The main weakness of this paper is the identification of an increase in only two of five inpatient units.
“Across the UK at any time cases of new ketoacidosis will vary from one year to the next and it is often tempting but can be wrong to assume that whatever infection is common in the community is the cause of an increase in diagnoses that could have arisen just by chance.
“Any association between diabetic ketoacidosis and COVID-19 may simply represent the association between ketoacidosis and any infection or in may represent something particular to COVID-19.
“It is important this observation is followed up.”
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